Cervical Cancer
Top Cervical Cancer Specialists Delhi NCR
Everything You Need To Know About Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer occurs when the cells of a woman’s cervix change, which connects the uterus and vagina. This cancer affects the deep tissues of the cervix and may spread to other parts of the body (metastasis), usually the lungs, liver, bladder, vagina, and rectum.
Most cases of cervical cancer are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and can be prevented with vaccines.
Cervical cancer grows slowly, so it usually takes time to treat it before it can cause serious problems. Cervical Cancer Specialists. Due to improved screening through the Pap test, fewer and fewer women are killed every year.
Women between the ages of 35 and 44 are most likely to develop the disease. However, in the new cases, more than 15% of women are over 65 years of age, especially those who are not regularly screened.
Types of cervical cancer
There is more than one type of cervical cancer.
Squamous cell carcinoma. This forms on the lining of your cervix. It can be found in up to 90% of cases.
Adenocarcinoma. This is formed in cells that produce mucus.
Mixed cancer. This has two other types of functions.
Causes of cervical cancer
Cervical cancer begins with abnormal changes in tissue. Most cases are related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Different types of HPV can cause skin warts, genital warts and other skin diseases. Others are related to vulvar cancer, vagina cancer, penile cancer, anal cancer, tongue cancer and tonsil cancer.
Cervical cancer risk factors
If you meet the following conditions, your risk of cervical cancer may be higher:
- Start having sex before the age of 16 or within one year of your starting treatment
- Have multiple sexual partners
- Taking birth control pills, especially birth control pills for more than 5 years
- Smokes
- Weakened immune system
- Suffering from a sexually transmitted disease (STD)
When to call Cervical Cancer doctor in Delhi
Bleeding after menopause is never normal, so if there is any, please contact Cervical Cancer doctor in Delhi as soon as Possible.
Tell your doctor if you have a heavy cycle or if you bleed frequently between cycles.
Some women bleed after sex, especially after strenuous exercise. No need to worry. But you may want to let your doctor know, especially if this happens.
If the vagina bleeds, becomes weak, or feels dizzy or dizzy or fainted, go to the emergency room.
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Other type of Cancer
Cervical cancer symptoms
You may not notice the symptoms of cervical cancer until a long time. They may include:
- Pain during sex
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding, such as after sexual intercourse, between menstrual periods, after menopause, or after a pelvic examination
- Abnormal vaginal discharge
After spreading, cancer may cause:
- Pelvic pain
- Trouble urinating
- Swollen legs
- Renal Failure
- Bone pain
- Weight loss and loss of appetite
- Fatigue
Diagnosis and examination of cervical cancer
The most important advancement in cervical cancer screening is the widespread use of Papanicolaou test (Pap smear) and high-risk HPV test. Pap smears are part of women’s regular pelvic examinations. Your doctor collects cells from the surface of the cervix, cervical cancer treatment and then the technician observes them under a microscope. If anything abnormal is found, your doctor will remove some cervical tissue through a procedure called a biopsy.
Carry on
Other tools can find changes in the cervix. They include
A colposcopy is like a pelvic examination. If a Pap smear finds abnormal cells, your doctor may use it. They stain the cervix with harmless dyes or acetic acid, so the cells are easier to see. Then, they use a microscope called a colposcopy to magnify your cervix 8 to 15 times to look for abnormal cells for biopsy. Usually, you can perform this procedure in the office of a gynecologist. If the colposcopy shows signs of invasive cancer, you may need to have another biopsy in the future.
In the ring electrosurgical resection procedure (LEEP), your doctor uses a live loop of wire to collect a tissue sample from the cervix. You may have this in the gynecologist’s office.
During anesthesia, your doctor can perform a conization (removal of part of the cervix) in the operating room. They may use LEEP, scalpel (cold knife conization) or laser. These are usually outpatient procedures, so you can go home on the same day.
The LEEP and cold knife conization procedures allow your doctor to better understand the types of abnormal cells in the cervix and whether they have spread.
Precancerous changes
Abnormal changes in cells on the surface of the cervix are often called squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL). “Lesion” refers to an area of abnormal tissue; “Intraepithelial” refers to these cells only in the surface layer.
These are precancerous cells. They may not become cancerous or invade deeper tissue layers for months or years.
Invasive cancer
If the biopsy shows that the cancer has progressed further, Best doctor for cervical cancer treatment may do more tests to see if it has spread and how far it has spread. They include:
Chest X-ray to examine the lungs
Blood tests to see if it has spread to your liver; you may need a CT scan to refine the results
Intravenous pyelography (IVP) or CT scan to see your urinary tract; cystoscopy can check your bladder and urethra
Colposcopy to examine your vagina
Sigmoidoscopy and barium enema to check the rectum
CT, MRI or PET scan of lymph nodes
Your doctor will use these tests to “staging” the cancer based on the size of the lesion, the depth of the lesion, and the degree of spread. Cervical cancer ranges from stage 0 (the most severe) to stage IV (metastatic disease, the most severe).
Treatment of precancerous lesions
If your lesion is mild, you may not need treatment, especially if your doctor removes it during the biopsy. Check regularly to prevent problems in the future.
Your doctor may use LEEP conization, cold knife conization, cryosurgery (freezing), cauterization (burning, also known as diathermy) or laser surgery to destroy the precancerous area with little damage to nearby healthy tissue damage.
In cryotherapy, steel tools cooled to sub-zero temperatures freeze the cells on the surface of the cervix. They die and fall off and are replaced by new cells.
Laser ablation uses a laser beam to destroy cells in an area or layer of cervical tissue, thereby leaving healthy cells in place.
After the cryo-examination or laser ablation, you will need follow-up examinations and Pap smears to make sure that all pre-cancerous cells have disappeared.
You can also have a hysterectomy, where the doctor will remove the uterus. It can prevent you from getting cervical cancer. However, because it will take away the reproductive organs, it will not be possible to get pregnant in the future.
Cervical cancer treatment
Surgery and radiation therapy are the most common treatments for invasive cervical cancer. Others are chemotherapy and biological therapy. Best doctor for cervical cancer in Delhi.
If the cancer is only on the surface of the cervix, your doctor can use LEEP or cold knife conization to remove or destroy the cancer cells.
If the cancer cells have passed through a layer called the basement membrane, which separates the surface of the cervix from the layers below, then you may need surgery. If the disease has penetrated deep into the cervix but has not spread to other parts of the body, you may need surgery to remove the tumor.
If it spreads to the uterus, your doctor may recommend a hysterectomy. Discuss the pros and cons with them.
Radiation therapy (or radiation therapy) uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells and stop their growth. Like surgery, radiation only affects cancer cells in the treated area.
Your treatment may be external, internal or both.
The external radiation comes from a large machine that directs a beam of radiation at your pelvis. You may get treatment 5 days a week, only a few minutes, for 5 to 6 weeks. Finally, you may have an additional radiation dose, called “enhancement.”
Internal radiation (also called implant radiation or brachytherapy) comes from a capsule containing radioactive material, which your doctor puts into the cervix. The implant brings the cancer-killing rays closer to the tumor, while preserving most of the surrounding healthy tissue.
Chemotherapy uses powerful drugs to kill cancer cells. Doctors usually use it for cervical cancer that is locally advanced or has spread to other parts of the body.
Chemotherapy is carried out in cycles of intensive treatment, followed by a recovery period. Most people treat it as an outpatient (in a hospital, a doctor’s office, or an outpatient clinic at home).
The goal of biological therapy or immunotherapy is to open or close “checkpoints” in immune cells to trigger an immune response. A drug called pembrolizumab (Keytruda) blocks proteins on cells, thereby shrinking tumors or slowing their growth.
If chemotherapy is ineffective or cancer has spread, doctors will use it. You will get it through a vein (called an intravenous injection or an intravenous injection) every 3 weeks.
Frequently Asked Questions
Cancer that begins in the cervix’s cells is called cervical cancer. The cervix is the uterus’ bottom, thin end (womb). The uterus and vagina are connected via the cervix (birth canal). Typically, cervical cancer progresses gradually over time. The cervical tissue undergoes changes known as dysplasia, in which abnormal cells start to emerge in the tissue, before cancer develops in the cervix. If left unchecked or untreated, the abnormal cells may eventually develop into cancer cells, expand deeper into the cervix, and spread to nearby tissues.
Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery are all options for treating cervical cancer. Ask to be referred to a gynecologic oncologist, a medical professional with training in treating cancers of a woman’s reproductive system, if your doctor diagnoses you with cervical cancer. Together, you and this doctor will develop a treatment strategy.
Cervical cancer is a risk for all women. Women over 30 are most likely to experience it. Cervical cancer is mostly brought on by persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. A common virus called HPV is transmitted during sex from one person to another. At some time in their life, at least half of those who engage in sexual activity will have HPV, yet few women will get cervical cancer.
- Having a disease that makes it difficult for your body to fight against health issues, such as HIV (the virus that causes AIDS),.
- Smoking.
- Long-term use of birth control pills
- Having given birth to at least three kids.
- A variety of sexual partners.
Your doctor will likely perform a thorough check of your cervix if cervical cancer is suspected. To look for aberrant cells, a colposcope is a specialized magnifying device.
Your doctor will probably collect a sample of cervical cells (a biopsy) during the colposcopy examination for laboratory analysis. Your doctor might utilise tissue to:
- Punch biopsy, This entails taking tiny samples of cervical tissue with a sharp instrument.
- Endocervical curettage, It takes a tissue sample from the cervix using a tiny, spoon-shaped tool called a curet or a fine brush.